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Kel Tec
Linia 1:
{{Broń palna infobox|
{{koordynaty|52|30|14|N|13|23|39|E|region:DE-BE_type:landmark_source:dewiki|umieść=na górze}}
nazwa = Kel Tec SU-16|
[[Image:Sternwarte Berlin Schinkel.jpg|thumb|250px|1838 painting of the New Berlin Observatory, where the planet [[Neptune]] was discovered in 1846. ]]
grafika = [[Plik:SU-16.jpg|300px|]]|
[[Image:Berliner Sternwarte Babelsberg.jpg|thumb|250px|By 1913, activities were moved to a new Observatory at Babelsberg, shown here in 2006]]
opis = Karabinek SU-16A|<!-- opis grafiki -->
The '''Berlin Observatory''' ('''Berliner Sternwarte''' in German) has its origins in 1700 when [[Gottfried Leibniz]] initiated the ''Societät der Wissenschaften'' (Brandenburgische Science Society) which would later (1744) become the ''Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften'' ([[Prussian Academy of Sciences]]). The Society had no observatory, but nevertheless had an astronomer, [[Gottfried Kirch]], who observed from a private observatory in Berlin. A first small observatory was furnished in 1711, financing itself through calendrical computations.
kraj = {{Państwo|USA}}|
producent = [[Colt's Manufacturing Company]]|
rodzaj = [[karabinek]] [[broń samopowtarzalna|samopowtarzalny]]|<!-- np. rewolwer/pistolet/karabin -->
obsługa = |<!-- tylko bronie zespołowe -->
prototypy = |<!-- lata w których trwały prace projektowe -->
produkcja_seryjna = [[2003]] - do chwili obecnej|<!-- lata produkcji -->
wyprodukowano = |<!-- ilość wyprodukowanych egzemplarzy -->
kaliber = 5,56 mm|
nabój = [[nabój 5,56 x 45 mm|5,56 x 45 mm]]|
magazynek = 10 nab.
(także magazynki od [[M16]]<!-- zgodne z normą STANAG 4179 -->)|<!-- rodzaj i pojemność magazynka -->
taśma = |<!-- rodzaj i pojemność taśmy -->
długość = 759-950 mm
(506-670 złożony)|<!-- jeśli znana -->
wysokość = |<!-- jeśli znana -->
szerokość = |<!-- jeśli znana -->
długość_lufy = 234<ref name="kt_d">http://www.kel-tec-cnc.com/su16d.htm</ref>-467<ref name="kt_a">http://www.kel-tec-cnc.com/su16a.htm</ref> mm|
dł_linii_cel = |<!-- tylko bronie bez celowników optycznych -->
masabroń = 1.68<ref name="kt_d"/>-2.27 kg|<!-- masa broni -->
masa_kb_właściwego = |<!-- tylko ckm, wkm, ukm i broń pokładowa -->
masa_podstawy = |<!-- tylko ckm, wkm, ukm -->
masa_lufy = |<!-- jeśli znana -->
masa_wyp_dod = |<!-- masa wyposażenia dodatkowego -->
Vo = 914 m/s<ref name="sofmag">http://www.sofmag.com/news/permalink1/2006/7/16/120641187333.html</ref>|
Eo = |
szybk_teoret = |<!-- tylko bronie samoczynne -->
szybk_prakt = |<!-- jeśli znana -->
zasięg_max = |
zasięg_skuteczny = 550 m|
przeb_panc = |<!-- tylko bronie przeciwpancerne -->
siła_spustu = |
}}
 
In 1825 [[Johann Franz Encke]] was appointed director by King [[Frederick William III of Prussia]]. With the support of [[Alexander von Humboldt]], Encke got the King to agree to the financing of a true observatory, but one condition was that the observatory be made accessible to the public two nights per week. The building was designed by the well-known architect [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]], and began operating in 1835. It now bears the IAU observatory code 548.
 
'''Kel-Tec SU-16''', samopowtarzalny karabinek kalibru 5.56mm produkcji USA. Litery SU w nazwie to [[akronim]] od Sport Utility, co znaczy karabinek sportowo użytkowy. SU-16 wśród adresowanych na rynek cywilny karabinków samopowtarzalnych wyróżnia się niewielką masą, względnie prostą budową oraz możliwością złożenia całości do transportu/przechowywania.
Although the original observatory was built in the outskirts of the city, over the course of time the city expanded such that after two centuries the observatory was in the middle of other settlements which made making observations very difficult and a proposal to move the observatory was made. The observatory was moved to [[Potsdam-Babelsberg|Babelsberg]] in 1913 (IAU observatory code 536).
 
== Przypisy ==
In Berlin remain the [[Wilhelm Foerster Sternwarte]] (William Foerster Observatory; IAU code 544), the [[Archenhold Observatory|Archenhold Sternwarte]], Berlin-Treptow (Archenhold Observatory; IAU code 604), the [[Urania Sternwarte (Berlin)|Urania Sternwarte]] (Urania Observatory, IAU code 537)<!--- where [[Carl Gustav Witt]] discovered [[433 Eros]], the first [[Near-Earth asteroid]] (NEA), in [[1898]] --->, and the [[Bruno H. Bürgel Sternwarte]] (Bruno H. Bürgel Observatory<!--- No IAU code --->).
<references/>
 
Since 1992 it is managed by the [[Astrophysical Institute Potsdam]], although it has not been used for German astronomical observations since the 20th century.
 
==Selected Directors==
Across its many locations and related organizations, there were many ''Direktoren'' ("Directors") of the Berlin Observatory.
 
* [[Johann Bernoulli III]]
* [[Johann Elert Bode]]
* [[Johann Franz Encke]] (1825&ndash;1865)
* [[Wilhelm Julius Förster]] (1865&ndash;1903)
* [[Karl Hermann Struve]] (1904&ndash;1920)
 
==Selected accomplishments==
* [[Johann Franz Encke]] observed a broad variation in the brightness of the [[Rings of Saturn#A Ring|A Ring]] of [[Saturn]] in 1837. The [[Rings of Saturn#Encke Division|Encke Division]] was later named in honor of his observations of Saturn's rings.
* [[Johann Gottfried Galle]] discovered Saturn's C-ring in 1838.
* [[Johann Gottfried Galle]] and his assistant [[Heinrich Louis d'Arrest]] discovered [[Neptune]] in 1846, near the position computed by [[Urbain Leverrier]].
* From 1866 to 1900, <!--- George Friedrich Julius --->[[Arthur Auwers]] published his fundamental star catalog of 170,000 stars (''Fundamental-Catalog für Zonenbeobachtungen am Südhimmel und südlicher Polar-Catalog für die Epoche 1900'').
 
 
===Chronologiczna lista dyrektorów===
{| class="prettytable"
|-----
! bgcolor="#dfdfdf" colspan="4" | ''Direktoren'' Berlin Sternwarte <ref>ARI: [http://www.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/geschichte/direktoren/index.htm Direktoren des Astronomischen Rechen-Instituts] (bis 1874 der Berliner Sternwarte)</ref>
|-----
| align="right" | 1. || 1700–1710 <br /> [[Gottfried Kirch]] (1639–1710)
| align="right" | 9. || 1756–1758 <br /> [[Johann Jakob Huber (Astronom)|Johann Jakob Huber]] (1733–1798)
|-----
| align="right" | 2. || 1710–1716 <br /> [[Johann Heinrich Hoffmann]] (1669–1716)
| align="right" | 10. || 1758 <br /> [[Johann Albrecht Euler|Johann Albert Euler]] (1734–1800)
|-----
| align="right" | 3. || 1716–1740 <br /> [[Christfried Kirch]] (1694–1740)
| align="right" | 11. || 1764–1787 <br /> [[Johann III. Bernoulli]] (1744–1807)
|-----
| align="right" | 4. || 1740–1745 <br /> [[Johann Wilhelm Wagner]] (1681–1745)
| align="right" | 12. || 1787–1825 <br /> [[Johann Elert Bode]] (1747–1826)
|-----
| align="right" | 5. || 1745–1749 <br /> [[August Nathanael Grischow|Augustin Nathanael Grischow]] (1726–1760)
| align="right" | 13. || 1825–1863 <br /> [[Johann Franz Encke]] (1791–1865)
|-----
| align="right" | 6. || 1752 <br /> [[Jérôme Lalande|Joseph Jérôme Le Francais de Lalande]] (1732–1807)
| align="right" | 14. || 1865–1903 <br /> [[Wilhelm Foerster|Wilhelm Julius Foerster]] (1832–1921)
|-----
| align="right" | 7. || 1754 <br /> [[Johann Kies]] (1713–1781)
| align="right" | 15. || 1904–1920 <br /> [[Hermann von Struve|Karl Hermann von Struve]] (1854–1920)
|-----
| align="right" | 8. || 1755 <br /> [[Franz Aepinus|Franz Ulrich Theodosius Aepinus]] (1724–1802)
| align="right" | 16. || 1921–1946 <br /> [[Paul Guthnick]] (1879–1947)
|}
 
 
===Sources===
*A brief History of Astronomy in Berlin and the Wilhelm-Foerster-Observatory [http://www.be.schule.de/schulen/wfs/pages/hist/WFS-History.html]
*Astrophysics Institute Potsdam[http://www.aip.de/institute/history.html]
 
==Further reading==
*[http://mhdonline.sal.lv/index.php?goto=centers&cid=48 Astrophysical Institute Potsdam - MHD Group]
{{Przypisy|2}}
 
 
[[:Kategoria:Obserwatoria astronomiczne]]
 
 
[[en:Berlin Observatory]]
[[da:Berlins observatorium]]
[[de:Berliner Sternwarte]]
[[es:Observatorio de Berlín]]
[[fr:Observatoire de Berlin]]
[[ja:ベルリン天文台]]
[[no:Berlins observatorium]]
[[simple:Berlin Observatory]]
[[sl:Observatorij Berlin]]
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