Kortyzol: Różnice pomiędzy wersjami

* [[Kwasy tłuszczowe omega-3]] wykazują zależną od dawki<ref>Bhathena SJ, Berlin E, Judd JT, Kim YC, Law JS, Bhagavan HN, Ballard-Barbash R, Nair PP (1991). "Effects of omega 3 fatty acids and vitamin E on hormones involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in men". &nbsp;''Am. J. Clin. Nutr''. &nbsp;'''54''' &nbsp;(4): 684–8 PMID. &nbsp;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1832814 1832814].</ref> właściwość zmniejszania produkcji kortyzolu wywołanej przez stres psychiczny<ref>{{Cytuj|autor=J Delarue, O Matzinger, C Binnert, P Schneiter, R Chioléro|tytuł=Fish oil prevents the adrenal activation elicited by mental stress in healthy men|czasopismo=Diabetes & Metabolism|wydanie=3|s=289–295|doi=10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70039-3|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1262363607700393}}</ref>, poprzez hamowanie syntezy [[Interleukina 1|interleukiny-1]] oraz -6 i wzmaganie syntezy interleukiny-2. Interleukina-1 wzmaga wydzielanie hormonu [[Kortykoliberyna|CRH]]. [[Kwasy tłuszczowe omega-6]] z kolei wykazują odwrotne działanie na syntezę [[Interleukiny|interleukin]]<ref>Yehuda S (2003). "Omega-6/omega-3 ratio brain related functions". In Simopoulos AP, Cleland LG.''Omega-6, omega-3 essential fatty acid ratio: the scientific evidence''. Basel: Karger. s. &nbsp;50. &nbsp;[[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp;[[Specjalna:BookSources/3-8055-7640-4|3-8055-7640-4]].</ref>.

* W pewnych przypadkach [[muzykoterapia]] okazuje się skuteczna w redukcji poziomu kortyzolu<ref>Uedo N, Ishikawa H, Morimoto K, Ishihara R, Narahara H, Akedo I, Ioka T, Kaji I, Fukuda S (2004). "Reduction in salivary cortisol level by music therapy during colonoscopic examination".''Hepatogastroenterology''. &nbsp;'''51''' &nbsp;(56): 451–3. PMID[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15086180 15086180].</ref>.

* Śmiech i doświadczenie rozśmieszenia może redukować poziom kortyzolu<ref>Berk LS, Tan SA, Berk D (2008). &nbsp;[http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/22/1_MeetingAbstracts/946.11 "Cortisol and Catecholamine stress hormone decrease is associated with the behavior of perceptual anticipation of mirthful laughter"]. &nbsp;''The FASEB Journal''. &nbsp;'''22''' &nbsp;(1): 946.11.</ref>.

* Regularny taniec prowadzi do znacznej redukcji poziomu kortyzolu z ślinie badanych<ref>Quiroga MC, Bongard S, Kreutz G (July 2009). "Emotional and Neurohumoral Responses to Dancing Tango Argentino: The Effects of Music and Partner". &nbsp;''Music and Medicine''. &nbsp;'''1''' &nbsp;(1): 14–21.[[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1177/1943862109335064|10.1177/1943862109335064]].</ref>.

* Niedobór snu<ref>Leproult R, Copinschi G, Buxton O, Van Cauter E (October 1997). "Sleep loss results in an elevation of cortisol levels the next evening". &nbsp;''Sleep''. &nbsp;'''20''' &nbsp;(10): 865–70. &nbsp;PMID [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9415946 9415946].</ref>.

* intensywny lub długotrwałe ćwiczenia aerobowe przejściowo podwyższają poziom kortyzolu, aby zwiększyć efektywność [[Glukoneogeneza|glukoneogenezy]] i utrzymać stały poziom [[Glukoza|cukru]] we krwi. Po posiłku poziom kortyzolu wraca do normy<ref>Fuqua JS, Rogol AD (July 2013). "Neuroendocrine alterations in the exercising human: implications for energy homeostasis". &nbsp;''Metab. Clin. Exp''. &nbsp;'''62''' &nbsp;(7): 911–921. &nbsp;[[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2013.01.016|10.1016/j.metabol.2013.01.016]]. PMID &nbsp;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23415825 23415825]. &nbsp;<q>Cortisol has wide-ranging effects, including alterations of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism; catabolic effects on skin, muscle, connective tissue, and bone; immunomodulatory effects; blood pressure and circulatory system regulation; and effects on mood and central nervous system function. In the short term, activation of the HPA axis in response to stress is adaptive. However, long-term stress promoting chronic exposure of tissues to high cortisol concentrations becomes maladaptive. &nbsp;... Exercise, particularly sustained aerobic activity, is a potent stimulus of cortisol secretion. The circulating concentrations of cortisol are directly proportional to the intensity of exercise as measured by oxygen uptake. As is the case for the GH/IGF-1 and HPG axes, the HPA axis also receives many other inputs, including the light/dark cycle, feeding schedules, immune regulation, and many neurotransmitters that mediate the effects of exercise and physical and psychic stress [52]. &nbsp;... The HPA is activated by stress, whether physical (exercise) or psychological. Increased cortisol production, along with activation of the sympathetic nervous system, affects whole body metabolism. This is apparently part of the catabolic response of the entire organism, with the purpose of mobilizing metabolic fuels that are subsequently broken down to produce energy and to dampen the threat or perceived threat. &nbsp;... Thus, a negative net energy balance leads to activation of the HPA axis and the circulating concomitants of the catabolic state in an attempt to keep core processes functional, realizing that the stress of exercise has no effect on cortisol and circulating metabolic substrates beyond the impact of the exercise energy expenditure on energy availability [60]. Thuma et al. [61] had already made the important observation that the reported differences in cortisol levels pre- and postexercise depended on whether this difference was measured from a single pretest level or from the physiologic circadian baseline as determined in an independent session in the resting state. By this analytical technique, these investigators showed that increasing energy expenditure led to significant cortisol release. This release was apparent if they subtracted the physiologic circadian baseline from the postexercise value.</q></ref>.

* Poważna [[trauma]] lub sytuacje stresowe mogą zwiększyć poziom kortyzolu we krwi przez dłuższy okres<ref>Smith JL, Gropper SA, Groff JL (2009). &nbsp;''Advanced nutrition and humanmetabolism''. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. s. &nbsp;247. &nbsp;[[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp;[[Specjalna:BookSources/0-495-11657-2|0-495-11657-2]].</ref>.

* Wdychanie [[Androstadienon|androstadienonuandrostadienon]]u przez kobiety podnosi ich poziom kortyzolu i ma wpływ na nastrój<ref>{{Cytuj|autor=B. I. Grosser, L. Monti-Bloch, C. Jennings-White, D. L. Berliner|tytuł=Behavioral and electrophysiological effects of androstadienone, a human pheromone|czasopismo=Psychoneuroendocrinology|data=2000-04-01|data dostępu=2016-10-21|issn=0306-4530|wydanie=3|s=289–299|pmid=10737699|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10737699}}</ref>.

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